Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of feminicide in Piauí from 2005 to 2017. Methods: Mixed ecological study. Secondary data from Mortality Information System (SIM) of Ministry of Health of Brazil, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil were used. The data were analyzed through time series and spatial statistics. The association between femicide mortality rate and human development index (HDI), female population density (or potential victims), proportion of population living in urban areas (or population urbanity), and proportion of households with adequate sanitation (or adequate sanitation) were estimated through multivariate analysis. Results: During the period analyzed, 538 femicides were documented in the Mortality Information System. Femicide mortality rate rose from 2.7 deaths per 100,000 women in 2005 to 3.0 deaths per 100,000 women in 2017. Teresina presented the highest record of femicides (232 cases). Higher mortality rates were verified in Teresina’s and Picos’s Regional Health Coordination (3.4 and 3.2 deaths per 100,000 women, respectively). Of the victims, 52.6% were between 20 and 40 years of age, 51% were single and 84% were black. Among women aged 15 years or older, 70.9% had schooling of up to seven years. The crime was more frequent at home (38.4%), at weekends (37.5%), in the fourth quarter of the year (27.3%) and it involved firearm in 40.9% of records. Four clusters of cities were identified in which the association between feminicide risk and social determinants was not linear: two clusters with a high risk of femicide compared to the state average were utterly opposed in the rates of adequate sanitation, HDI, urbanity population and potential victims. Two other clusters had a low feminicide rate concerning the state average, and they resembled just in the low adequate sanitation and diverged in the other determinants. Conclusions: The social determinants had a heterogeneous effect on the occurrence of feminicide in the cities in Piauí during the evaluated period, with the need to direct the public policies to the local features, considering the risk stratification by areas and population groups. |